基地位于大理古城叶榆路和人民路交口的南侧，由两户相邻的宅基地组成。基地北、西、南三面都被邻宅紧紧包裹，基地东侧面朝道路。任务书要求在这块390平方米的用地上建设一个14间客房的精品酒店和一个面对公众开放的咖啡馆
The site is nearby the crossing of two main streets of Dali old town. It combines two pieces of residential land and occupies only 390 sqm. Three sides of the site are closely surrounded by neighboring residential buildings. Only its east border is open to the street. The brief asks for a boutique hotel with 14 rooms and a café that is open to public.
▼酒店入口立面，entrance facade
▼主入口，entrance
在这个没有外部景观资源的场地上设计酒店，一切体验和氛围只能从内部争取。我们把这个酒店的体量分解为八个似连非连的“小独栋”来围合出一前一后两进庭院。客房围绕庭院布置，庭院既是花园景观，也同时承担了通往客房和楼梯间的动线。咖啡厅因为要对外经营，就把它安排在临街的东侧。
To design a hotel on a site with no views to enjoy from the surroundings, we had to imagine an atmosphere from within. The architecture of this hotel can be conceived as eight individual volumes forming two layers of an enclosed courtyard. Hotel rooms are located around the courtyard and enjoy a serene atmosphere contained in this miniature inner world. The café is a transparent space along the east façade of this composition.
▼从门厅看向前庭，front court seen from the lobby
▼前庭，front court
位于前后庭院之间的茶室空间完全用玻璃来限定，因此庭院中随处可以感受到贯通南北的空间深度，而茶室的存在又使这个贯通的空间有了阴阳起伏。透明性还体现在东西向度。咖啡厅东西两侧的立面都是玻璃窗扇，可以完全打开。从街道上看，这个酒店并没有一个突出的建筑造型，倒是更像绿树掩映下的一个舞台台口。透过咖啡厅的室内，还可以瞥见前庭清香木的树冠而略窥酒店之堂奥。
A tea pavilion is located at the center of the site. Instead of dividing the courtyard into two parts, the transparent boundary of the pavilion allows the whole depth of the courtyard to be felt, while creating a subtle rhythm of “Yin” and “Yang”. Transparency is also emphasized along the east-west axis. Both façades of the café is made of operable glass windows. Observed from the street, the hotel doesn’t stand out as a conspicuous expression, but looks more like the opening of a theatre stage, inducing the attention into the café interior and the courtyard beyond it.
▼从前庭看向通往后庭的窄巷，from front court to the alley
▼从窄巷透过茶室看向前庭，from alley to the front court through the tea pavilion
▼茶室前庭视野，front court view from the tea pavilion
▼茶室后庭视野，back court view from the tea pavilion
▼从后庭南端看向茶室和前庭，from back court to the tea pavilion
▼后庭，back court
▼巷景，the alley
因为建筑的轮廓是在平面的整体操作中腾挪而成，所以每一间客房的尺寸、比例、开门的位置、框景和采光的方位都有所不同。也就导致了全部十四间客房每一间都是唯一的。我们把每一间客房都当作酒店这个小群落中的微建筑来考量。在机会和限制环环相扣的因地制宜中，每一个房间都发展出明显的特征，面积虽小，却各有各的意料之外和情理之中
The irregularity of the space is a result of the complexity of the project conditions. Therefore, the size, interior arrangement, positioning of openings of each hotel room is different. We consider each hotel room as an individual building within the context of this hotel complex, which is like a tiny village. A series of ad-hoc strategies responding to constraints and contingencies allows different characters of each room to be celebrated.
▼从客房室内反观前庭，front court seen from the guest room
▼客房内部，guest room interior
整个建筑采用混凝土剪力墙结构体系。我们向木材加工厂订做了只粘贴了一面木皮的细木工板，用另一面裸露的碎木条来直接形成清水混凝土的木纹肌理。这个做法不仅大幅度降低了加工模板的费用和时间，平均4厘米宽的木纹肌理和这个小尺度转折比较多的空间也更匹配。碎木条在工厂是随机拼压的，因此就在混凝土表面压出斑驳错落的凸凹感。
Both the structure and enclosure of this building is made of concrete. In order to reduce cost, we chose a standard sandwiched timber board as the formwork of the concrete, but during the fabrication process, we deliberately kept one side of the board naked without veneer, and used this side to cast an irregular pattern on the concrete façade. The average width of this pattern is 4 cm, which nicely matches the intimate scale of the spaces.
▼二楼露天走廊，corridor on the second floor
▼走廊视野，view from the corridor
根据大理古城的规划要求，所有的建筑都必须是以青瓦坡屋顶为主的。这个酒店的第五立面是由七个双坡瓦顶和一个存放设备的平屋顶组成。我们参考白族民居封火檐的几何形式来解决瓦顶坡屋面和墙面在檐口处的交接问题，倾斜的悬挑把墙面从垂直的阳面引到阴影中，而自然过渡到瓦当滴水凸出立面的丰富细节中去，利用混凝土的可塑性来模拟传统建筑用悬挑的石板来实现的几何形态。
According to local planning and construction code, at least 80% of the building has to be pitched roof covered with traditional tiles. Thus, the hotel has 7 double-pitched roofs and one flat roof to accommodate machines and facilities. We consider the eave – joint of concrete wall and traditional tiled roof – as a critical detail of the façade. And take the geometry of the local “fireproofing eave” as a reference. The angular form of stone slate cantilever is translated into concrete in our case.
▼屋顶局部，roof detail
▼材料细部，material detail
因为庭院空间的限制，公共流线和檐口在多处重合，我们就在“封火檐”的斜面上用弯勾固定了手工打制的铜檐沟来解决雨季的排水问题。建筑沿街的外墙面根据当地规划的要求需要完全是传统建筑的模样，所以就预留出了二十公分的厚度，土建完工后再用传统毛石墙体的砌筑方式来覆盖整个外立面。这看似一个被动的“装饰性”策略，但完成后的效果却让这个酒店的形象完全融入了古城的背景，从入口拾级而上，步入混凝土塑成的内部空间，反倒是多了一层别有洞天的感觉。
In order to conduct drainage in Dali’s raining season, copper gutters are added to the eaves facing the courtyard. The local code also requires buildings to have a traditional look on its public façade. Therefore, we clad the east façade with a layer of local stone masonry. The façade’s materiality then merges into the background of its context, and when stepping into the inner space constructed of concrete, one may feel a pleasant surprise of contrast, like stepping from reality into a wonderland.
▼黄昏下的前庭，front court at nightfall
▼一层咖啡区夜景，the cafe at night
▼模型，model
▼首层平面图， 1st floor plan
▼二层平面图，2nd floor plan
▼屋顶平面图，roof plan
▼剖面图A-A和B-B，section A-A and section B-B
▼剖面图C-C和东立面图，sections C-C and east elevation
项目名称：大理古城既下山酒店
建筑师：赵扬建筑工作室
设计团队：赵扬，武州，商培根
室内软装设计施工团队：蔡旭，赖国平
清水混凝土施工顾问：杜清水营造
土建施工：大理古城赵小虎团队
项目地点：中国，云南省，大理古城
设计时间：2014年7月－2016年1月
建设时间：2015年1月－2017年1月
总建筑面积：540 平方米
客户：行李旅宿酒店集团
摄影：雷坛坛，王鹏飞©版权声明本文来源于 赵扬建筑工作室，查看链接。文章内相关信息的知识产权归其权利人所有，特来设计对其不享有任何知识产权，仅做学习交流之目的。若本文存在任何知识产权争议，请相关权利方及时通知特来设计，以便特来设计迅速采取适当措施（删除、澄清声明等形式），以避免给双方造成不必要损失。
